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How to Fix CSS Table td Width?

The HTML provides a “<table>” tag to make tables and the developer can fix the width of table data “<td>” element. The purpose is to adopt the changes that occur during resizing the screen or to delete extra spaces that are occupied by the table. This article will demonstrate how to fix the table data “<td>” elements.

Method 1: Using HTML “width” Attribute

The “width” is a basic attribute provided by HTML. It sets the width or horizontal length of the HTML element. To fix table data, the width attribute is utilized in the below steps.

Step 1: Create a Table
In the HTML file, use a “<center>” tag to display each element inside it in the center of the webpage. Inside it, construct a table using the “<table>”,”<tr>” and “<td>” tags and write data in it:

<center>
 <table>
  <tr>
   <th>Name</th>
   <th>Status</th>
   <th>Room No</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Fakhar</td>
   <td>Student</td>
   <td>06</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
   <td>Omar</td>
   <td>Student</td>
   <td>06</td>
  </tr>
 </table>
</center>

Step 2: Add CSS Properties to “table” Element
Use the table element selector in CSS and add the “border” of 1px solid red, “text-align” aligns the text to the center, and “width” that sets the overall width of the table to 80%:

table {
 border: 1px solid red;
 text-align: center;
 width:80%; }

Step 3: Assigning Properties to “td” Element
Use the “td” element selector and sets the “border-bottom” of 5px solid red, “padding” of 20px to make the item more prominent, and “width” sets as 30%:

td {
 border-bottom: 5px solid red;
 padding:20px;
 width:30%;
}

Step 4: Assigning Properties to “th” Element
Use the “th” element selector to change the color of “border-bottom” from red to sea green to create a better visualization:

th {
 border-bottom: 5px solid seagreen;
 padding:20px;
 width:30%;
}

Output is displayed as:

The above snapshot shows that all column’s widths are fixed at 30% each.

Method 2: Using the “nth-child( )” Selector

The nth-child() property of CSS is used to create a fixed-width table. This property gets the column number and selects the “<td>” and “<th>” tags. For instance, the width is “fixed” for only column numbers “1” and “3”. Each of these columns is getting a width of 10%. This article has successfully demonstrated how to fix the data table width.

td:nth-child(3){
 width: 10%;
}
th:nth-child(1){
 width: 10%;
}

The output of the above code block is:

This output displays that column numbers 1 and 3 are fixed to the width of 10%.

Method 3: Using <col> Tag

Inside the “table” section in the CSS portion add the “table-layout: fixed” property to set the “width” of data table elements:

table {
 table-layout: fixed;
 width:80%;
 border: 1px solid red;
 text-align: center;
}

In the HTML file, add the “<col>” tag inside the “<table>” section. For instance, fix the width of 15% to the first column and 30% to the second column:

<table>
 <col style="width: 15%;" />
 <col style="width: 30%;" />

After executing the above code snippet, the output is:

That is how the user can fix the width of table data <td> elements.

Conclusion

To fix the width of the table data, use the “width” attribute, “nth-child( )” separator, and “<col>” tag methods. The “width” property sets the fixed width. The “nth-child( )” separator gets the column number as a parameter. Furthermore, the “<col>” tag can be used to make the table not flexible. This article has demonstrated how to fix the width of table data <td> elements.

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Source: linuxhint.com

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